Stanford University

Toxin Inactivation

How to use this tool

This table shows the complete inactivation of different toxins with a 30 minute exposure time to varying concentrations of Sodium Hypochlorite (NaOCl) + -Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH).

Recommendations

  1. For T-2 mycotoxin and brevetoxin, it is recommended that, for complete inactivation, all liquid samples, accidental spills, and nonburnable waste be soaked in 2.5% sodium hypochlorite with 0.25 N sodium hydroxide for 4 hr.
  2. It is further recommended that cages and bedding from animals exposed to T-2 mycotoxin or brevetoxin be exposed to 0.25% sodium hypochlorite and 0.025 N sodium hydroxide for 4 hr.
  3. Exposure for 30 minutes to 1.0% sodium hypochlorite is an effective procedure for laboratory (working solutions; equipment; animal cages; working area; and spills) for inactivation of saxitoxin, tetrodotoxin, microcystin, palytoxin, ricin, botulinum toxin, or staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEB).
  4. All burnable waste from toxins should be incinerated at temperatures in excess of 1500o F.
  5. Autoclaving can be used with the protein toxins (ricin, botulinum toxin, and SEB) but should not be used with any of the low molecular weight toxins.
 
TOXIN 2.5% NAOCl + 0.25 N NaOH 2.5% NaOCl 1.0% NaOCl 0.1% NaOCl
T-2 Mycotoxin YES NO NO NO
Brevetoxin YES YES NO NO
Microcystin YES YES YES NO
Tetrodotoxin YES YES YES NO
Saxitoxin YES YES YES YES
Palytoxin YES YES YES YES
Ricin YES YES YES YES
Botulinum YES YES YES YES
Seb YES (?) YES (?) YES (?) YES (?)
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