Approval Process

1.  Proposals for new facilities must be submitted to the Radiation Safety Program for review. New facilities may require the approval of the Administrative Panel on Radiological Safety and/or by the California Department of Public Health prior to construction.

_{California Radioactive Material License, 0676-43}

_{Stanford University Radiation Safety Manual}

2.  Shared facilities for the use of radioactive materials should not be included in plans for new buildings. If such facilities are deemed absolutely necessary, the facility must be under the direction, control and authority of a single principal investigator, who shall be accountable for maintaining the facility in a safe and orderly manner.

_{Policies of the Administrative Panel on Radiological Safety, June 18, 1985.}

Architectural Considerations

3.  Benches in laboratories must be capable of supporting weight of necessary shielding for gamma rays.

_{NBS Handbook 92}

_{IAEA, Safe Handling of Radionuclides}

4.  When work involves gamma emitters (especially gamma irradiators) the floors and coatings must be able to support the gamma shielding.

_{NBS Handbook 92}

_{IAEA, Safe Handling of Radionuclides}

5.  When applicable, lead shielding must be incorporated in the structure. Based on the proposed type and quantities of radioactive materials, the Radiation Safety Program will determine the need for the shielding.

Note that for x-ray producing machines, shielding calculations will be performed by the Radiation Safety Program. Shielding design is to be in accordance with all applicable State Regulations and NCRP and ANSI standards. Designs must be submitted to the State through the Radiation Safety Program. During construction the shielding must be inspected by the Radiation Safety Program while walls are open. After completion, the effectiveness of the installed shielding and protective design features shall be evaluated by the Radiation Safety Program and required reports submitted to and accepted by the State prior to operation of the radiation producing machine.

_{California Radiation Control Regulations, Title 17}

_{DOHS 2010}

_{National Council on Radiation Protection, Report No. 49}

_{California Radioactive Material License, 0676-43}

Security

6.  Areas where radioactive materials or other radiation sources are used or stored shall be provided with adequate security (e.g., locks) to prevent removal or use by unauthorized personnel.

_{California Radiation Control Regulations, Title 17}

_{Stanford University Radiation Safety Manual}

7.  High radiation areas or very high radiation areas (as defined in 10 CFR 20.1602-2) shall be equipped with means to prevent inadvertent access and restrict access to only authorized personnel. Means to reduce exposure levels in the area may be required via an interlock device. In some applications, means to monitor the radiation levels in the areas shall be provided.

_{California Radiation Control Regulations, Title 17}

_{10 CFR 20.1601-2}

8.  High radiation areas or very high radiation areas (as defined in 10 CFR 20.1602-2) shall be equipped with a control device that energizes a conspicuous visible or audible signal so that an individual entering the area and the operator of the device are made aware of the entry.

_{California Radiation Control Regulations, Title 17}

_{10 CFR 20.1601-2}

Waste Storage

9.  Adequate space must be available for radioactive wastes generated by projects within the lab. Most radioisotope projects will need about 10 sq. ft. of floor space for containers and shields within a lockable area. Radioactive wastes must be properly segregated by half-life categories.

_{Stanford University Radiation Safety Manual}